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-.. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-.. document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
-.. Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software
-.. Foundation, with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts
-.. and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included at
-.. Documentation/media/uapi/fdl-appendix.rst.
-..
-.. TODO: replace it to GFDL-1.1-or-later WITH no-invariant-sections
-
-.. _func-read:
-
-***********
-V4L2 read()
-***********
-
-Name
-====
-
-v4l2-read - Read from a V4L2 device
-
-
-Synopsis
-========
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
- #include <unistd.h>
-
-
-.. c:function:: ssize_t read( int fd, void *buf, size_t count )
- :name: v4l2-read
-
-Arguments
-=========
-
-``fd``
- File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
-
-``buf``
- Buffer to be filled
-
-``count``
- Max number of bytes to read
-
-Description
-===========
-
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` attempts to read up to ``count`` bytes from file
-descriptor ``fd`` into the buffer starting at ``buf``. The layout of the
-data in the buffer is discussed in the respective device interface
-section, see ##. If ``count`` is zero, :ref:`read() <func-read>` returns zero
-and has no other results. If ``count`` is greater than ``SSIZE_MAX``,
-the result is unspecified. Regardless of the ``count`` value each
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` call will provide at most one frame (two fields)
-worth of data.
-
-By default :ref:`read() <func-read>` blocks until data becomes available. When
-the ``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :ref:`open() <func-open>`
-function it returns immediately with an ``EAGAIN`` error code when no data
-is available. The :ref:`select() <func-select>` or
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>` functions can always be used to suspend
-execution until data becomes available. All drivers supporting the
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` function must also support :ref:`select() <func-select>` and
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>`.
-
-Drivers can implement read functionality in different ways, using a
-single or multiple buffers and discarding the oldest or newest frames
-once the internal buffers are filled.
-
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` never returns a "snapshot" of a buffer being filled.
-Using a single buffer the driver will stop capturing when the
-application starts reading the buffer until the read is finished. Thus
-only the period of the vertical blanking interval is available for
-reading, or the capture rate must fall below the nominal frame rate of
-the video standard.
-
-The behavior of :ref:`read() <func-read>` when called during the active picture
-period or the vertical blanking separating the top and bottom field
-depends on the discarding policy. A driver discarding the oldest frames
-keeps capturing into an internal buffer, continuously overwriting the
-previously, not read frame, and returns the frame being received at the
-time of the :ref:`read() <func-read>` call as soon as it is complete.
-
-A driver discarding the newest frames stops capturing until the next
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` call. The frame being received at :ref:`read() <func-read>`
-time is discarded, returning the following frame instead. Again this
-implies a reduction of the capture rate to one half or less of the
-nominal frame rate. An example of this model is the video read mode of
-the bttv driver, initiating a DMA to user memory when :ref:`read() <func-read>`
-is called and returning when the DMA finished.
-
-In the multiple buffer model drivers maintain a ring of internal
-buffers, automatically advancing to the next free buffer. This allows
-continuous capturing when the application can empty the buffers fast
-enough. Again, the behavior when the driver runs out of free buffers
-depends on the discarding policy.
-
-Applications can get and set the number of buffers used internally by
-the driver with the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_PARM <VIDIOC_G_PARM>` and
-:ref:`VIDIOC_S_PARM <VIDIOC_G_PARM>` ioctls. They are optional,
-however. The discarding policy is not reported and cannot be changed.
-For minimum requirements see :ref:`devices`.
-
-
-Return Value
-============
-
-On success, the number of bytes read is returned. It is not an error if
-this number is smaller than the number of bytes requested, or the amount
-of data required for one frame. This may happen for example because
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` was interrupted by a signal. On error, -1 is
-returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set appropriately. In this case
-the next read will start at the beginning of a new frame. Possible error
-codes are:
-
-EAGAIN
- Non-blocking I/O has been selected using O_NONBLOCK and no data was
- immediately available for reading.
-
-EBADF
- ``fd`` is not a valid file descriptor or is not open for reading, or
- the process already has the maximum number of files open.
-
-EBUSY
- The driver does not support multiple read streams and the device is
- already in use.
-
-EFAULT
- ``buf`` references an inaccessible memory area.
-
-EINTR
- The call was interrupted by a signal before any data was read.
-
-EIO
- I/O error. This indicates some hardware problem or a failure to
- communicate with a remote device (USB camera etc.).
-
-EINVAL
- The :ref:`read() <func-read>` function is not supported by this driver, not
- on this device, or generally not on this type of device.