summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
blob: 9c459fd1d38e6cbf0414dbbb0209fc9428bee92b (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
/*
 * xsave/xrstor support.
 *
 * Author: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
 */
#include <linux/compat.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/pkeys.h>

#include <asm/fpu/api.h>
#include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
#include <asm/fpu/signal.h>
#include <asm/fpu/regset.h>
#include <asm/fpu/xstate.h>

#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>

/*
 * Although we spell it out in here, the Processor Trace
 * xfeature is completely unused.  We use other mechanisms
 * to save/restore PT state in Linux.
 */
static const char *xfeature_names[] =
{
	"x87 floating point registers"	,
	"SSE registers"			,
	"AVX registers"			,
	"MPX bounds registers"		,
	"MPX CSR"			,
	"AVX-512 opmask"		,
	"AVX-512 Hi256"			,
	"AVX-512 ZMM_Hi256"		,
	"Processor Trace (unused)"	,
	"Protection Keys User registers",
	"unknown xstate feature"	,
};

static short xsave_cpuid_features[] __initdata = {
	X86_FEATURE_FPU,
	X86_FEATURE_XMM,
	X86_FEATURE_AVX,
	X86_FEATURE_MPX,
	X86_FEATURE_MPX,
	X86_FEATURE_AVX512F,
	X86_FEATURE_AVX512F,
	X86_FEATURE_AVX512F,
	X86_FEATURE_INTEL_PT,
	X86_FEATURE_PKU,
};

/*
 * Mask of xstate features supported by the CPU and the kernel:
 */
u64 xfeatures_mask __read_mostly;

static unsigned int xstate_offsets[XFEATURE_MAX] = { [ 0 ... XFEATURE_MAX - 1] = -1};
static unsigned int xstate_sizes[XFEATURE_MAX]   = { [ 0 ... XFEATURE_MAX - 1] = -1};
static unsigned int xstate_comp_offsets[sizeof(xfeatures_mask)*8];

/*
 * The XSAVE area of kernel can be in standard or compacted format;
 * it is always in standard format for user mode. This is the user
 * mode standard format size used for signal and ptrace frames.
 */
unsigned int fpu_user_xstate_size;

/*
 * Clear all of the X86_FEATURE_* bits that are unavailable
 * when the CPU has no XSAVE support.
 */
void fpu__xstate_clear_all_cpu_caps(void)
{
	setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE);
}

/*
 * Return whether the system supports a given xfeature.
 *
 * Also return the name of the (most advanced) feature that the caller requested:
 */
int cpu_has_xfeatures(u64 xfeatures_needed, const char **feature_name)
{
	u64 xfeatures_missing = xfeatures_needed & ~xfeatures_mask;

	if (unlikely(feature_name)) {
		long xfeature_idx, max_idx;
		u64 xfeatures_print;
		/*
		 * So we use FLS here to be able to print the most advanced
		 * feature that was requested but is missing. So if a driver
		 * asks about "XFEATURE_MASK_SSE | XFEATURE_MASK_YMM" we'll print the
		 * missing AVX feature - this is the most informative message
		 * to users:
		 */
		if (xfeatures_missing)
			xfeatures_print = xfeatures_missing;
		else
			xfeatures_print = xfeatures_needed;

		xfeature_idx = fls64(xfeatures_print)-1;
		max_idx = ARRAY_SIZE(xfeature_names)-1;
		xfeature_idx = min(xfeature_idx, max_idx);

		*feature_name = xfeature_names[xfeature_idx];
	}

	if (xfeatures_missing)
		return 0;

	return 1;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_has_xfeatures);

static int xfeature_is_supervisor(int xfeature_nr)
{
	/*
	 * We currently do not support supervisor states, but if
	 * we did, we could find out like this.
	 *
	 * SDM says: If state component 'i' is a user state component,
	 * ECX[0] return 0; if state component i is a supervisor
	 * state component, ECX[0] returns 1.
	 */
	u32 eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, xfeature_nr, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	return !!(ecx & 1);
}

static int xfeature_is_user(int xfeature_nr)
{
	return !xfeature_is_supervisor(xfeature_nr);
}

/*
 * When executing XSAVEOPT (or other optimized XSAVE instructions), if
 * a processor implementation detects that an FPU state component is still
 * (or is again) in its initialized state, it may clear the corresponding
 * bit in the header.xfeatures field, and can skip the writeout of registers
 * to the corresponding memory layout.
 *
 * This means that when the bit is zero, the state component might still contain
 * some previous - non-initialized register state.
 *
 * Before writing xstate information to user-space we sanitize those components,
 * to always ensure that the memory layout of a feature will be in the init state
 * if the corresponding header bit is zero. This is to ensure that user-space doesn't
 * see some stale state in the memory layout during signal handling, debugging etc.
 */
void fpstate_sanitize_xstate(struct fpu *fpu)
{
	struct fxregs_state *fx = &fpu->state.fxsave;
	int feature_bit;
	u64 xfeatures;

	if (!use_xsaveopt())
		return;

	xfeatures = fpu->state.xsave.header.xfeatures;

	/*
	 * None of the feature bits are in init state. So nothing else
	 * to do for us, as the memory layout is up to date.
	 */
	if ((xfeatures & xfeatures_mask) == xfeatures_mask)
		return;

	/*
	 * FP is in init state
	 */
	if (!(xfeatures & XFEATURE_MASK_FP)) {
		fx->cwd = 0x37f;
		fx->swd = 0;
		fx->twd = 0;
		fx->fop = 0;
		fx->rip = 0;
		fx->rdp = 0;
		memset(&fx->st_space[0], 0, 128);
	}

	/*
	 * SSE is in init state
	 */
	if (!(xfeatures & XFEATURE_MASK_SSE))
		memset(&fx->xmm_space[0], 0, 256);

	/*
	 * First two features are FPU and SSE, which above we handled
	 * in a special way already:
	 */
	feature_bit = 0x2;
	xfeatures = (xfeatures_mask & ~xfeatures) >> 2;

	/*
	 * Update all the remaining memory layouts according to their
	 * standard xstate layout, if their header bit is in the init
	 * state:
	 */
	while (xfeatures) {
		if (xfeatures & 0x1) {
			int offset = xstate_comp_offsets[feature_bit];
			int size = xstate_sizes[feature_bit];

			memcpy((void *)fx + offset,
			       (void *)&init_fpstate.xsave + offset,
			       size);
		}

		xfeatures >>= 1;
		feature_bit++;
	}
}

/*
 * Enable the extended processor state save/restore feature.
 * Called once per CPU onlining.
 */
void fpu__init_cpu_xstate(void)
{
	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE) || !xfeatures_mask)
		return;
	/*
	 * Make it clear that XSAVES supervisor states are not yet
	 * implemented should anyone expect it to work by changing
	 * bits in XFEATURE_MASK_* macros and XCR0.
	 */
	WARN_ONCE((xfeatures_mask & XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR),
		"x86/fpu: XSAVES supervisor states are not yet implemented.\n");

	xfeatures_mask &= ~XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR;

	cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_OSXSAVE);
	xsetbv(XCR_XFEATURE_ENABLED_MASK, xfeatures_mask);
}

/*
 * Note that in the future we will likely need a pair of
 * functions here: one for user xstates and the other for
 * system xstates.  For now, they are the same.
 */
static int xfeature_enabled(enum xfeature xfeature)
{
	return !!(xfeatures_mask & (1UL << xfeature));
}

/*
 * Record the offsets and sizes of various xstates contained
 * in the XSAVE state memory layout.
 */
static void __init setup_xstate_features(void)
{
	u32 eax, ebx, ecx, edx, i;
	/* start at the beginnning of the "extended state" */
	unsigned int last_good_offset = offsetof(struct xregs_state,
						 extended_state_area);
	/*
	 * The FP xstates and SSE xstates are legacy states. They are always
	 * in the fixed offsets in the xsave area in either compacted form
	 * or standard form.
	 */
	xstate_offsets[0] = 0;
	xstate_sizes[0] = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, xmm_space);
	xstate_offsets[1] = xstate_sizes[0];
	xstate_sizes[1] = FIELD_SIZEOF(struct fxregs_state, xmm_space);

	for (i = FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		if (!xfeature_enabled(i))
			continue;

		cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, i, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);

		/*
		 * If an xfeature is supervisor state, the offset
		 * in EBX is invalid. We leave it to -1.
		 */
		if (xfeature_is_user(i))
			xstate_offsets[i] = ebx;

		xstate_sizes[i] = eax;
		/*
		 * In our xstate size checks, we assume that the
		 * highest-numbered xstate feature has the
		 * highest offset in the buffer.  Ensure it does.
		 */
		WARN_ONCE(last_good_offset > xstate_offsets[i],
			"x86/fpu: misordered xstate at %d\n", last_good_offset);
		last_good_offset = xstate_offsets[i];
	}
}

static void __init print_xstate_feature(u64 xstate_mask)
{
	const char *feature_name;

	if (cpu_has_xfeatures(xstate_mask, &feature_name))
		pr_info("x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x%03Lx: '%s'\n", xstate_mask, feature_name);
}

/*
 * Print out all the supported xstate features:
 */
static void __init print_xstate_features(void)
{
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_FP);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_SSE);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_YMM);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_BNDREGS);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_BNDCSR);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_OPMASK);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_ZMM_Hi256);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_Hi16_ZMM);
	print_xstate_feature(XFEATURE_MASK_PKRU);
}

/*
 * This check is important because it is easy to get XSTATE_*
 * confused with XSTATE_BIT_*.
 */
#define CHECK_XFEATURE(nr) do {		\
	WARN_ON(nr < FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE);	\
	WARN_ON(nr >= XFEATURE_MAX);	\
} while (0)

/*
 * We could cache this like xstate_size[], but we only use
 * it here, so it would be a waste of space.
 */
static int xfeature_is_aligned(int xfeature_nr)
{
	u32 eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	CHECK_XFEATURE(xfeature_nr);
	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, xfeature_nr, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	/*
	 * The value returned by ECX[1] indicates the alignment
	 * of state component 'i' when the compacted format
	 * of the extended region of an XSAVE area is used:
	 */
	return !!(ecx & 2);
}

/*
 * This function sets up offsets and sizes of all extended states in
 * xsave area. This supports both standard format and compacted format
 * of the xsave aread.
 */
static void __init setup_xstate_comp(void)
{
	unsigned int xstate_comp_sizes[sizeof(xfeatures_mask)*8];
	int i;

	/*
	 * The FP xstates and SSE xstates are legacy states. They are always
	 * in the fixed offsets in the xsave area in either compacted form
	 * or standard form.
	 */
	xstate_comp_offsets[0] = 0;
	xstate_comp_offsets[1] = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, xmm_space);

	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVES)) {
		for (i = FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
			if (xfeature_enabled(i)) {
				xstate_comp_offsets[i] = xstate_offsets[i];
				xstate_comp_sizes[i] = xstate_sizes[i];
			}
		}
		return;
	}

	xstate_comp_offsets[FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE] =
		FXSAVE_SIZE + XSAVE_HDR_SIZE;

	for (i = FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		if (xfeature_enabled(i))
			xstate_comp_sizes[i] = xstate_sizes[i];
		else
			xstate_comp_sizes[i] = 0;

		if (i > FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE) {
			xstate_comp_offsets[i] = xstate_comp_offsets[i-1]
					+ xstate_comp_sizes[i-1];

			if (xfeature_is_aligned(i))
				xstate_comp_offsets[i] =
					ALIGN(xstate_comp_offsets[i], 64);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Print out xstate component offsets and sizes
 */
static void __init print_xstate_offset_size(void)
{
	int i;

	for (i = FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		if (!xfeature_enabled(i))
			continue;
		pr_info("x86/fpu: xstate_offset[%d]: %4d, xstate_sizes[%d]: %4d\n",
			 i, xstate_comp_offsets[i], i, xstate_sizes[i]);
	}
}

/*
 * setup the xstate image representing the init state
 */
static void __init setup_init_fpu_buf(void)
{
	static int on_boot_cpu __initdata = 1;

	WARN_ON_FPU(!on_boot_cpu);
	on_boot_cpu = 0;

	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE))
		return;

	setup_xstate_features();
	print_xstate_features();

	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVES))
		init_fpstate.xsave.header.xcomp_bv = (u64)1 << 63 | xfeatures_mask;

	/*
	 * Init all the features state with header.xfeatures being 0x0
	 */
	copy_kernel_to_xregs_booting(&init_fpstate.xsave);

	/*
	 * Dump the init state again. This is to identify the init state
	 * of any feature which is not represented by all zero's.
	 */
	copy_xregs_to_kernel_booting(&init_fpstate.xsave);
}

static int xfeature_uncompacted_offset(int xfeature_nr)
{
	u32 eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	/*
	 * Only XSAVES supports supervisor states and it uses compacted
	 * format. Checking a supervisor state's uncompacted offset is
	 * an error.
	 */
	if (XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR & BIT_ULL(xfeature_nr)) {
		WARN_ONCE(1, "No fixed offset for xstate %d\n", xfeature_nr);
		return -1;
	}

	CHECK_XFEATURE(xfeature_nr);
	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, xfeature_nr, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	return ebx;
}

static int xfeature_size(int xfeature_nr)
{
	u32 eax, ebx, ecx, edx;

	CHECK_XFEATURE(xfeature_nr);
	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, xfeature_nr, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	return eax;
}

/*
 * 'XSAVES' implies two different things:
 * 1. saving of supervisor/system state
 * 2. using the compacted format
 *
 * Use this function when dealing with the compacted format so
 * that it is obvious which aspect of 'XSAVES' is being handled
 * by the calling code.
 */
int using_compacted_format(void)
{
	return boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVES);
}

/* Validate an xstate header supplied by userspace (ptrace or sigreturn) */
int validate_xstate_header(const struct xstate_header *hdr)
{
	/* No unknown or supervisor features may be set */
	if (hdr->xfeatures & (~xfeatures_mask | XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* Userspace must use the uncompacted format */
	if (hdr->xcomp_bv)
		return -EINVAL;

	/*
	 * If 'reserved' is shrunken to add a new field, make sure to validate
	 * that new field here!
	 */
	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(hdr->reserved) != 48);

	/* No reserved bits may be set */
	if (memchr_inv(hdr->reserved, 0, sizeof(hdr->reserved)))
		return -EINVAL;

	return 0;
}

static void __xstate_dump_leaves(void)
{
	int i;
	u32 eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
	static int should_dump = 1;

	if (!should_dump)
		return;
	should_dump = 0;
	/*
	 * Dump out a few leaves past the ones that we support
	 * just in case there are some goodies up there
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < XFEATURE_MAX + 10; i++) {
		cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, i, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
		pr_warn("CPUID[%02x, %02x]: eax=%08x ebx=%08x ecx=%08x edx=%08x\n",
			XSTATE_CPUID, i, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
	}
}

#define XSTATE_WARN_ON(x) do {							\
	if (WARN_ONCE(x, "XSAVE consistency problem, dumping leaves")) {	\
		__xstate_dump_leaves();						\
	}									\
} while (0)

#define XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, nr_macro, __struct) do {			\
	if ((nr == nr_macro) &&						\
	    WARN_ONCE(sz != sizeof(__struct),				\
		"%s: struct is %zu bytes, cpu state %d bytes\n",	\
		__stringify(nr_macro), sizeof(__struct), sz)) {		\
		__xstate_dump_leaves();					\
	}								\
} while (0)

/*
 * We have a C struct for each 'xstate'.  We need to ensure
 * that our software representation matches what the CPU
 * tells us about the state's size.
 */
static void check_xstate_against_struct(int nr)
{
	/*
	 * Ask the CPU for the size of the state.
	 */
	int sz = xfeature_size(nr);
	/*
	 * Match each CPU state with the corresponding software
	 * structure.
	 */
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_YMM,       struct ymmh_struct);
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_BNDREGS,   struct mpx_bndreg_state);
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_BNDCSR,    struct mpx_bndcsr_state);
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_OPMASK,    struct avx_512_opmask_state);
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_ZMM_Hi256, struct avx_512_zmm_uppers_state);
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_Hi16_ZMM,  struct avx_512_hi16_state);
	XCHECK_SZ(sz, nr, XFEATURE_PKRU,      struct pkru_state);

	/*
	 * Make *SURE* to add any feature numbers in below if
	 * there are "holes" in the xsave state component
	 * numbers.
	 */
	if ((nr < XFEATURE_YMM) ||
	    (nr >= XFEATURE_MAX) ||
	    (nr == XFEATURE_PT_UNIMPLEMENTED_SO_FAR)) {
		WARN_ONCE(1, "no structure for xstate: %d\n", nr);
		XSTATE_WARN_ON(1);
	}
}

/*
 * This essentially double-checks what the cpu told us about
 * how large the XSAVE buffer needs to be.  We are recalculating
 * it to be safe.
 */
static void do_extra_xstate_size_checks(void)
{
	int paranoid_xstate_size = FXSAVE_SIZE + XSAVE_HDR_SIZE;
	int i;

	for (i = FIRST_EXTENDED_XFEATURE; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		if (!xfeature_enabled(i))
			continue;

		check_xstate_against_struct(i);
		/*
		 * Supervisor state components can be managed only by
		 * XSAVES, which is compacted-format only.
		 */
		if (!using_compacted_format())
			XSTATE_WARN_ON(xfeature_is_supervisor(i));

		/* Align from the end of the previous feature */
		if (xfeature_is_aligned(i))
			paranoid_xstate_size = ALIGN(paranoid_xstate_size, 64);
		/*
		 * The offset of a given state in the non-compacted
		 * format is given to us in a CPUID leaf.  We check
		 * them for being ordered (increasing offsets) in
		 * setup_xstate_features().
		 */
		if (!using_compacted_format())
			paranoid_xstate_size = xfeature_uncompacted_offset(i);
		/*
		 * The compacted-format offset always depends on where
		 * the previous state ended.
		 */
		paranoid_xstate_size += xfeature_size(i);
	}
	XSTATE_WARN_ON(paranoid_xstate_size != fpu_kernel_xstate_size);
}


/*
 * Get total size of enabled xstates in XCR0/xfeatures_mask.
 *
 * Note the SDM's wording here.  "sub-function 0" only enumerates
 * the size of the *user* states.  If we use it to size a buffer
 * that we use 'XSAVES' on, we could potentially overflow the
 * buffer because 'XSAVES' saves system states too.
 *
 * Note that we do not currently set any bits on IA32_XSS so
 * 'XCR0 | IA32_XSS == XCR0' for now.
 */
static unsigned int __init get_xsaves_size(void)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
	/*
	 * - CPUID function 0DH, sub-function 1:
	 *    EBX enumerates the size (in bytes) required by
	 *    the XSAVES instruction for an XSAVE area
	 *    containing all the state components
	 *    corresponding to bits currently set in
	 *    XCR0 | IA32_XSS.
	 */
	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, 1, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	return ebx;
}

static unsigned int __init get_xsave_size(void)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
	/*
	 * - CPUID function 0DH, sub-function 0:
	 *    EBX enumerates the size (in bytes) required by
	 *    the XSAVE instruction for an XSAVE area
	 *    containing all the *user* state components
	 *    corresponding to bits currently set in XCR0.
	 */
	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, 0, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	return ebx;
}

/*
 * Will the runtime-enumerated 'xstate_size' fit in the init
 * task's statically-allocated buffer?
 */
static bool is_supported_xstate_size(unsigned int test_xstate_size)
{
	if (test_xstate_size <= sizeof(union fpregs_state))
		return true;

	pr_warn("x86/fpu: xstate buffer too small (%zu < %d), disabling xsave\n",
			sizeof(union fpregs_state), test_xstate_size);
	return false;
}

static int __init init_xstate_size(void)
{
	/* Recompute the context size for enabled features: */
	unsigned int possible_xstate_size;
	unsigned int xsave_size;

	xsave_size = get_xsave_size();

	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVES))
		possible_xstate_size = get_xsaves_size();
	else
		possible_xstate_size = xsave_size;

	/* Ensure we have the space to store all enabled: */
	if (!is_supported_xstate_size(possible_xstate_size))
		return -EINVAL;

	/*
	 * The size is OK, we are definitely going to use xsave,
	 * make it known to the world that we need more space.
	 */
	fpu_kernel_xstate_size = possible_xstate_size;
	do_extra_xstate_size_checks();

	/*
	 * User space is always in standard format.
	 */
	fpu_user_xstate_size = xsave_size;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * We enabled the XSAVE hardware, but something went wrong and
 * we can not use it.  Disable it.
 */
static void fpu__init_disable_system_xstate(void)
{
	xfeatures_mask = 0;
	cr4_clear_bits(X86_CR4_OSXSAVE);
	fpu__xstate_clear_all_cpu_caps();
}

/*
 * Enable and initialize the xsave feature.
 * Called once per system bootup.
 */
void __init fpu__init_system_xstate(void)
{
	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
	static int on_boot_cpu __initdata = 1;
	int err;
	int i;

	WARN_ON_FPU(!on_boot_cpu);
	on_boot_cpu = 0;

	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FPU)) {
		pr_info("x86/fpu: No FPU detected\n");
		return;
	}

	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE)) {
		pr_info("x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use %s\n",
			boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FXSR) ? "FXSAVE" : "FSAVE");
		return;
	}

	if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level < XSTATE_CPUID) {
		WARN_ON_FPU(1);
		return;
	}

	cpuid_count(XSTATE_CPUID, 0, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
	xfeatures_mask = eax + ((u64)edx << 32);

	if ((xfeatures_mask & XFEATURE_MASK_FPSSE) != XFEATURE_MASK_FPSSE) {
		/*
		 * This indicates that something really unexpected happened
		 * with the enumeration.  Disable XSAVE and try to continue
		 * booting without it.  This is too early to BUG().
		 */
		pr_err("x86/fpu: FP/SSE not present amongst the CPU's xstate features: 0x%llx.\n", xfeatures_mask);
		goto out_disable;
	}

	/*
	 * Clear XSAVE features that are disabled in the normal CPUID.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xsave_cpuid_features); i++) {
		if (!boot_cpu_has(xsave_cpuid_features[i]))
			xfeatures_mask &= ~BIT(i);
	}

	xfeatures_mask &= fpu__get_supported_xfeatures_mask();

	/* Enable xstate instructions to be able to continue with initialization: */
	fpu__init_cpu_xstate();
	err = init_xstate_size();
	if (err)
		goto out_disable;

	/*
	 * Update info used for ptrace frames; use standard-format size and no
	 * supervisor xstates:
	 */
	update_regset_xstate_info(fpu_user_xstate_size,	xfeatures_mask & ~XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR);

	fpu__init_prepare_fx_sw_frame();
	setup_init_fpu_buf();
	setup_xstate_comp();
	print_xstate_offset_size();

	pr_info("x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x%llx, context size is %d bytes, using '%s' format.\n",
		xfeatures_mask,
		fpu_kernel_xstate_size,
		boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVES) ? "compacted" : "standard");
	return;

out_disable:
	/* something went wrong, try to boot without any XSAVE support */
	fpu__init_disable_system_xstate();
}

/*
 * Restore minimal FPU state after suspend:
 */
void fpu__resume_cpu(void)
{
	/*
	 * Restore XCR0 on xsave capable CPUs:
	 */
	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE))
		xsetbv(XCR_XFEATURE_ENABLED_MASK, xfeatures_mask);
}

/*
 * Given an xstate feature nr, calculate where in the xsave
 * buffer the state is.  Callers should ensure that the buffer
 * is valid.
 */
static void *__raw_xsave_addr(struct xregs_state *xsave, int xfeature_nr)
{
	if (!xfeature_enabled(xfeature_nr)) {
		WARN_ON_FPU(1);
		return NULL;
	}

	return (void *)xsave + xstate_comp_offsets[xfeature_nr];
}
/*
 * Given the xsave area and a state inside, this function returns the
 * address of the state.
 *
 * This is the API that is called to get xstate address in either
 * standard format or compacted format of xsave area.
 *
 * Note that if there is no data for the field in the xsave buffer
 * this will return NULL.
 *
 * Inputs:
 *	xstate: the thread's storage area for all FPU data
 *	xfeature_nr: state which is defined in xsave.h (e.g. XFEATURE_FP,
 *	XFEATURE_SSE, etc...)
 * Output:
 *	address of the state in the xsave area, or NULL if the
 *	field is not present in the xsave buffer.
 */
void *get_xsave_addr(struct xregs_state *xsave, int xfeature_nr)
{
	/*
	 * Do we even *have* xsave state?
	 */
	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE))
		return NULL;

	/*
	 * We should not ever be requesting features that we
	 * have not enabled.  Remember that pcntxt_mask is
	 * what we write to the XCR0 register.
	 */
	WARN_ONCE(!(xfeatures_mask & BIT_ULL(xfeature_nr)),
		  "get of unsupported state");
	/*
	 * This assumes the last 'xsave*' instruction to
	 * have requested that 'xfeature_nr' be saved.
	 * If it did not, we might be seeing and old value
	 * of the field in the buffer.
	 *
	 * This can happen because the last 'xsave' did not
	 * request that this feature be saved (unlikely)
	 * or because the "init optimization" caused it
	 * to not be saved.
	 */
	if (!(xsave->header.xfeatures & BIT_ULL(xfeature_nr)))
		return NULL;

	return __raw_xsave_addr(xsave, xfeature_nr);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_xsave_addr);

/*
 * This wraps up the common operations that need to occur when retrieving
 * data from xsave state.  It first ensures that the current task was
 * using the FPU and retrieves the data in to a buffer.  It then calculates
 * the offset of the requested field in the buffer.
 *
 * This function is safe to call whether the FPU is in use or not.
 *
 * Note that this only works on the current task.
 *
 * Inputs:
 *	@xfeature_nr: state which is defined in xsave.h (e.g. XFEATURE_FP,
 *	XFEATURE_SSE, etc...)
 * Output:
 *	address of the state in the xsave area or NULL if the state
 *	is not present or is in its 'init state'.
 */
const void *get_xsave_field_ptr(int xfeature_nr)
{
	struct fpu *fpu = &current->thread.fpu;

	/*
	 * fpu__save() takes the CPU's xstate registers
	 * and saves them off to the 'fpu memory buffer.
	 */
	fpu__save(fpu);

	return get_xsave_addr(&fpu->state.xsave, xfeature_nr);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS

#define NR_VALID_PKRU_BITS (CONFIG_NR_PROTECTION_KEYS * 2)
#define PKRU_VALID_MASK (NR_VALID_PKRU_BITS - 1)
/*
 * This will go out and modify PKRU register to set the access
 * rights for @pkey to @init_val.
 */
int arch_set_user_pkey_access(struct task_struct *tsk, int pkey,
		unsigned long init_val)
{
	u32 old_pkru;
	int pkey_shift = (pkey * PKRU_BITS_PER_PKEY);
	u32 new_pkru_bits = 0;

	/*
	 * This check implies XSAVE support.  OSPKE only gets
	 * set if we enable XSAVE and we enable PKU in XCR0.
	 */
	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_OSPKE))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* Set the bits we need in PKRU:  */
	if (init_val & PKEY_DISABLE_ACCESS)
		new_pkru_bits |= PKRU_AD_BIT;
	if (init_val & PKEY_DISABLE_WRITE)
		new_pkru_bits |= PKRU_WD_BIT;

	/* Shift the bits in to the correct place in PKRU for pkey: */
	new_pkru_bits <<= pkey_shift;

	/* Get old PKRU and mask off any old bits in place: */
	old_pkru = read_pkru();
	old_pkru &= ~((PKRU_AD_BIT|PKRU_WD_BIT) << pkey_shift);

	/* Write old part along with new part: */
	write_pkru(old_pkru | new_pkru_bits);

	return 0;
}
#endif /* ! CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS */

/*
 * Weird legacy quirk: SSE and YMM states store information in the
 * MXCSR and MXCSR_FLAGS fields of the FP area. That means if the FP
 * area is marked as unused in the xfeatures header, we need to copy
 * MXCSR and MXCSR_FLAGS if either SSE or YMM are in use.
 */
static inline bool xfeatures_mxcsr_quirk(u64 xfeatures)
{
	if (!(xfeatures & (XFEATURE_MASK_SSE|XFEATURE_MASK_YMM)))
		return false;

	if (xfeatures & XFEATURE_MASK_FP)
		return false;

	return true;
}

/*
 * This is similar to user_regset_copyout(), but will not add offset to
 * the source data pointer or increment pos, count, kbuf, and ubuf.
 */
static inline void
__copy_xstate_to_kernel(void *kbuf, const void *data,
			unsigned int offset, unsigned int size, unsigned int size_total)
{
	if (offset < size_total) {
		unsigned int copy = min(size, size_total - offset);

		memcpy(kbuf + offset, data, copy);
	}
}

/*
 * Convert from kernel XSAVES compacted format to standard format and copy
 * to a kernel-space ptrace buffer.
 *
 * It supports partial copy but pos always starts from zero. This is called
 * from xstateregs_get() and there we check the CPU has XSAVES.
 */
int copy_xstate_to_kernel(void *kbuf, struct xregs_state *xsave, unsigned int offset_start, unsigned int size_total)
{
	unsigned int offset, size;
	struct xstate_header header;
	int i;

	/*
	 * Currently copy_regset_to_user() starts from pos 0:
	 */
	if (unlikely(offset_start != 0))
		return -EFAULT;

	/*
	 * The destination is a ptrace buffer; we put in only user xstates:
	 */
	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
	header.xfeatures = xsave->header.xfeatures;
	header.xfeatures &= ~XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR;

	/*
	 * Copy xregs_state->header:
	 */
	offset = offsetof(struct xregs_state, header);
	size = sizeof(header);

	__copy_xstate_to_kernel(kbuf, &header, offset, size, size_total);

	for (i = 0; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		/*
		 * Copy only in-use xstates:
		 */
		if ((header.xfeatures >> i) & 1) {
			void *src = __raw_xsave_addr(xsave, i);

			offset = xstate_offsets[i];
			size = xstate_sizes[i];

			/* The next component has to fit fully into the output buffer: */
			if (offset + size > size_total)
				break;

			__copy_xstate_to_kernel(kbuf, src, offset, size, size_total);
		}

	}

	if (xfeatures_mxcsr_quirk(header.xfeatures)) {
		offset = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, mxcsr);
		size = MXCSR_AND_FLAGS_SIZE;
		__copy_xstate_to_kernel(kbuf, &xsave->i387.mxcsr, offset, size, size_total);
	}

	/*
	 * Fill xsave->i387.sw_reserved value for ptrace frame:
	 */
	offset = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, sw_reserved);
	size = sizeof(xstate_fx_sw_bytes);

	__copy_xstate_to_kernel(kbuf, xstate_fx_sw_bytes, offset, size, size_total);

	return 0;
}

static inline int
__copy_xstate_to_user(void __user *ubuf, const void *data, unsigned int offset, unsigned int size, unsigned int size_total)
{
	if (!size)
		return 0;

	if (offset < size_total) {
		unsigned int copy = min(size, size_total - offset);

		if (__copy_to_user(ubuf + offset, data, copy))
			return -EFAULT;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Convert from kernel XSAVES compacted format to standard format and copy
 * to a user-space buffer. It supports partial copy but pos always starts from
 * zero. This is called from xstateregs_get() and there we check the CPU
 * has XSAVES.
 */
int copy_xstate_to_user(void __user *ubuf, struct xregs_state *xsave, unsigned int offset_start, unsigned int size_total)
{
	unsigned int offset, size;
	int ret, i;
	struct xstate_header header;

	/*
	 * Currently copy_regset_to_user() starts from pos 0:
	 */
	if (unlikely(offset_start != 0))
		return -EFAULT;

	/*
	 * The destination is a ptrace buffer; we put in only user xstates:
	 */
	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
	header.xfeatures = xsave->header.xfeatures;
	header.xfeatures &= ~XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR;

	/*
	 * Copy xregs_state->header:
	 */
	offset = offsetof(struct xregs_state, header);
	size = sizeof(header);

	ret = __copy_xstate_to_user(ubuf, &header, offset, size, size_total);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	for (i = 0; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		/*
		 * Copy only in-use xstates:
		 */
		if ((header.xfeatures >> i) & 1) {
			void *src = __raw_xsave_addr(xsave, i);

			offset = xstate_offsets[i];
			size = xstate_sizes[i];

			/* The next component has to fit fully into the output buffer: */
			if (offset + size > size_total)
				break;

			ret = __copy_xstate_to_user(ubuf, src, offset, size, size_total);
			if (ret)
				return ret;
		}

	}

	if (xfeatures_mxcsr_quirk(header.xfeatures)) {
		offset = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, mxcsr);
		size = MXCSR_AND_FLAGS_SIZE;
		__copy_xstate_to_user(ubuf, &xsave->i387.mxcsr, offset, size, size_total);
	}

	/*
	 * Fill xsave->i387.sw_reserved value for ptrace frame:
	 */
	offset = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, sw_reserved);
	size = sizeof(xstate_fx_sw_bytes);

	ret = __copy_xstate_to_user(ubuf, xstate_fx_sw_bytes, offset, size, size_total);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Convert from a ptrace standard-format kernel buffer to kernel XSAVES format
 * and copy to the target thread. This is called from xstateregs_set().
 */
int copy_kernel_to_xstate(struct xregs_state *xsave, const void *kbuf)
{
	unsigned int offset, size;
	int i;
	struct xstate_header hdr;

	offset = offsetof(struct xregs_state, header);
	size = sizeof(hdr);

	memcpy(&hdr, kbuf + offset, size);

	if (validate_xstate_header(&hdr))
		return -EINVAL;

	for (i = 0; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		u64 mask = ((u64)1 << i);

		if (hdr.xfeatures & mask) {
			void *dst = __raw_xsave_addr(xsave, i);

			offset = xstate_offsets[i];
			size = xstate_sizes[i];

			memcpy(dst, kbuf + offset, size);
		}
	}

	if (xfeatures_mxcsr_quirk(hdr.xfeatures)) {
		offset = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, mxcsr);
		size = MXCSR_AND_FLAGS_SIZE;
		memcpy(&xsave->i387.mxcsr, kbuf + offset, size);
	}

	/*
	 * The state that came in from userspace was user-state only.
	 * Mask all the user states out of 'xfeatures':
	 */
	xsave->header.xfeatures &= XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR;

	/*
	 * Add back in the features that came in from userspace:
	 */
	xsave->header.xfeatures |= hdr.xfeatures;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Convert from a ptrace or sigreturn standard-format user-space buffer to
 * kernel XSAVES format and copy to the target thread. This is called from
 * xstateregs_set(), as well as potentially from the sigreturn() and
 * rt_sigreturn() system calls.
 */
int copy_user_to_xstate(struct xregs_state *xsave, const void __user *ubuf)
{
	unsigned int offset, size;
	int i;
	struct xstate_header hdr;

	offset = offsetof(struct xregs_state, header);
	size = sizeof(hdr);

	if (__copy_from_user(&hdr, ubuf + offset, size))
		return -EFAULT;

	if (validate_xstate_header(&hdr))
		return -EINVAL;

	for (i = 0; i < XFEATURE_MAX; i++) {
		u64 mask = ((u64)1 << i);

		if (hdr.xfeatures & mask) {
			void *dst = __raw_xsave_addr(xsave, i);

			offset = xstate_offsets[i];
			size = xstate_sizes[i];

			if (__copy_from_user(dst, ubuf + offset, size))
				return -EFAULT;
		}
	}

	if (xfeatures_mxcsr_quirk(hdr.xfeatures)) {
		offset = offsetof(struct fxregs_state, mxcsr);
		size = MXCSR_AND_FLAGS_SIZE;
		if (__copy_from_user(&xsave->i387.mxcsr, ubuf + offset, size))
			return -EFAULT;
	}

	/*
	 * The state that came in from userspace was user-state only.
	 * Mask all the user states out of 'xfeatures':
	 */
	xsave->header.xfeatures &= XFEATURE_MASK_SUPERVISOR;

	/*
	 * Add back in the features that came in from userspace:
	 */
	xsave->header.xfeatures |= hdr.xfeatures;

	return 0;
}